Transformation of Armenian Nationalist Discourse and Social Mobilization
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24234/wisdom.v1i1.10Keywords:
armenian nationalist discourse, social mobilization, Nagorno Karabagh, Turkish-Armenian ProtocolsAbstract
Despite the wide variety of theories aiming to explain the emergence of nationalism and its social functions, there is still a serious gap in studying transformation of nationalism in an environment where comparative analysis of nationalist discourse of post-soviet Armenian context is almost nonexistent. The 1988 “Sharjum” for the constitutional right of Nagorno Karabagh to demand a referendum and the ‘No’ movement to Turkish-Armenian Protocols in 2008-09 constitute two different moments of social mobilization in Armenia and Diaspora.
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Asbarez. (2009, October 6). "Gul Invites Historians to “Study” Genocide". Los Angeles. Retrieved from http://asbarez.com/71551/gul-invites-historians-to-study-genocide/
Aydemir, D. (2009, February 23). "Armenians’ Excessive Aggression Somehow Created a
Consciousness of Armenian Issue in Turkey". Turkish Weekly. Istanbul.
Ayvazian, S. (1987, December 3). "Memorandum by SourenAyvazian to General Secretary M. S. Gorbachev on Kharabagh and Nakhichevan". Haratch. Paris.
Bakalian, A. (1993). Armenian Americans. New Brunswick, NJ: Transaction Publishers. Billig, M. (1995).Banal Nationalism. London: Sage.
Breuilly, J. (1982). Nationalism and the State. Manchester: Manchester University Press.
Breuilly, J. (1993). Nationalism and the State (2nd ed.). Manchester: Manchester University Press.
Chorbajian, L., Donabedian, P., &Mutafian, C. (1994).The Caucasian Knot.The History and Geopolitics of Nagorno Kharabagh. London& New Jearsey: Zed Books.
Connerton, P. (1989). How societies remember. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Erekoyan Erevan. (1989, August 16). "On Further Development of Functioning of Armenian Language and its Multidimensional Use". Erekoyan Erevan. Erevan. Esman, M. J. (1994). Ethnic politics. Ithaca, NY: Cornell Univ Press.
Esslemont, T. (2009, July 4). "Armenia-Turkey thaw tinged with pain". BBC news. Retrieved from http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/8131084.stm
Fein, B. (2009, May 8). "Recommendations for the Armenian Diaspora". Huffington Post. New York.
Fichte, J. G. (1988). Early Philosophical Writings. New York: Cornell University Press. Gamaghelyan, P. (2010). "Rethinking the Nagorno Kharabagh Conflict: Identity, Politics, Scholarship". International Negotiation, 15 (1), 33–56.
Gellner, E. (1982). Nationalism and the two forms of cohesion in complex societies. London: Oxford University Press.
Gellner, E. (1983). Nations and Nationalism. Oxford: Blackwell.
Ghazaryan, A. (1989, August 11). "I am proud of my small fatherland". Khorhrdayin Kharabagh.
71
Stepanakert.
Gillis, J. R. (1996). Commemorations: The politics of national identity. Princeton Univ Press. Greenfeld, L. (2005). "Nationalism and the mind". Nations and Nationalism, 11 (3), 325–341. Grigoryan, A. (1989, September 15). "Hope of Justice". Erekoyan Erevan. Yerevan.
Guenée, G. (1985). States and rulers in later medieval Europe. Oxford: Blackwell.
Guibernau, M. (1986). Nationalisms: The Nation-State and Nationalism in the Twentieth Century. Cambridge: Polity Press.
Hamparian, A. S. (2009, October 16). "In Trying Times: Purpose". Power.Progress.www.stoptheprotocols.com. Retrieved May 19, 2012, from http://www.stoptheprotocols.com/2009/10/16/in-trying-times-purpose-power-progress/
Hardin, R. (1985a). One for all, the logic of group conflict. Princeton: Princeton University Press. Hardin, R. (1985b). One for All.The Logic of Group Conflict. Princeton: Princeton University Press. Herder, J. G. von.(2002). Philosophical Writings. New York: Cambridge University Press. Hobsbawm, E. (1990). Nations and Nationalism since 1780. Cambridge: Cambridge University
Press.
Hobsbawm, E. J., & Ranger, T. O. (Eds.). (1992). The invention of tradition. Cambride: Cambridge Univ Press.
Hutchinson, E. (1994). Modern Nationalism. London: Fontana Press.
Hutchinson, E. (2005). Nations as Zones of Conflict. London: Sage.
Hutchinson, J. (1987). The Dynamics of Cultural Nationalism. London: . Allen &Unwin. Ishkhanian, R. (1989, November 5). "Its Our Language that Unites Us". Erekoyan Erevan. Erevan. Jivalagian, H. (2009, October 9). "Notes From a Striker: Final Stretch". www.stoptheprotocols.com.
Retrieved May 19, 2012, from http://www.stoptheprotocols.com/2009/10/09/notes-from-a-striker-final-stretch/
Karapetyan, L. (1989, September 19). "Truth Occupied". Erekoyan Erevan. Erevan. Kedourie, E. (1993). Nationalism. Oxford: Blackwell.
Khorhrdayin Kharabagh. (1989a, July 20). "Questions, questions, questions". Khorhrdayin Kharabagh. Stepanakert.
Khorhrdayin Kharabagh. (1989b, August 10). "A letter from a group of people from Kirovabad to the head of NKAO special ruling committee comrade A. I. Volenski". Khorhrdayin Kharabagh. Stepanakert.
Kiniklioglu, S. (2009, February 23). "The Armenian diaspora is totally indifferent to Armenias Desire to Normalize Relations with Turkey". Turkish Weekly. Istanbul.
Laitin, D. (2007). Nations, States, and Violence. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Libaridian, G. (1988a, February 29). "Claims and Expectations".
Libaridian, G. (Ed.). (1988b). The Kharabakh File: Documents and Facts on the Question of Mountainous Kharabakh, 1918-1988 (First.). Cambride, Toronto: Zoryan Institute.
Libaridian, G. (Ed.). (1991). Armenia at the Crossroads. Democracy and Nationhood in the Post-Soviet Era. Watertown, Massachusetts: Blue Crane Books.
Meliq-Baghshyan, S. (1989, July 28). "Against falsifications in History". Erekoyan Erevan. Erevan. Paskevichyan, S. (1987, December). "Excerpts from Zori Balayan Interview on Patriotism and
Kharabagh". Hye Gyanq. Los Angeles.
Paul, R. A. (2000). "Grassroots mobilization and diaspora politics: Armenian interest groups and the role of collective memory". Nationalism and ethnic politics, 6 (1), 24–47.
Renan, E. (1882). "Qu’est-cequ’une nation". Paris, Éditions R. Helleu. Serge Sargsian. (2009, October 3). "An Interview with Serge Sargsian".
Shirinian, R. (2009, November 12). "The Perils of Open Market Economy in Armenia". www.stoptheprotocols.com. Retrieved from http://www.stoptheprotocols.com/2009/11/12/the-perils-of-open-market-economy-in-armenia/
Smith, A. (1981). The Ethnic Revival. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Smith, A. (1986). The Ethnic Origins of Nations. Oxford: Blackwell.
Smith, A. (1991). National Identity. Nevada: University of Nevada Press.
Smith, A. (1998). Nationalism and Modernism.A Critical Survey of Recent Theories of Nations and Nationalism. London: Routledge.
Sovetakan Kharabagh. (1988a, February 21). "Resolution by the Government of NKAO requesting
72
incorporation in Soviet Armenia". Sovetakan Kharabagh. Stepanakert.
Sovetakan Kharabagh. (1988b, November 6). "On the Ammendments in the Constitution of USSR and the election of USSR national deputates". Sovetakan Kharabagh. Stepanakert.
Sovetakan Kharabagh. (1988c, November 6). "On the Decision Number 371". Sovetakan Kharabagh. Stepanakert.
Sovetakan Kharabagh. (1988d, November 8)."It is time to Act". Sovetakan Kharabagh. Stepanakert.
Sovetakan Kharabagh. (1988e, November 29). "News from Kharabagh". Sovetakan Kharabagh. Stepanakert.
Tipton, L. (Ed.). (1972). Nationalism in the Middle Ages. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston. Tokatlian, G. (2009, November 12). "Armenia and Turkey: Forgetting Genocide".
www.stoptheprotocols.com. Retrieved May 19, 2012, from http://www.stoptheprotocols.com/2009/11/12/armenia-and-turkey-forgetting-genocide/
Tourian, T. (2009, November 30). "In defense of Armenian farmers".www.stoptheprotocols.com. Retrieved May 19, 2009, from http://www.stoptheprotocols.com/2009/11/30/in-defense-of-armenian-farmers/
Walker, C. (1994). Ethnonationalism: the quest for understanding. Princeton: Princeton Univ Press. Walzer, M. (2002). "Passion and politics". Philosophy & social criticism, 28 ( 6), 617–633.
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Published
2021-12-07
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Matevosyan, M. (2021). Transformation of Armenian Nationalist Discourse and Social Mobilization. WISDOM, 1(1), 62–73. https://doi.org/10.24234/wisdom.v1i1.10
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